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The Ethereum Layer 2 ecosystem has given back a significant portion of its expansion.
Total value locked across L2 networks has retreated to roughly $5 billion, a level last seen in 2023, and that number reframes years of aggressive scaling narratives around $ETH.
What the TVL figure actually measures TVL counts assets deposited and locked inside Layer 2 protocols. When it contracts, capital is leaving.
Users bridge assets back to Ethereum mainnet or redirect them elsewhere entirely.
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